Rangifer tarandus

Caribou are known for their long-distance migrations, which they undertake in search of food and to escape harsh weather conditions. They are herbivores and primarily graze on lichen, mosses, grasses, and other vegetation. Caribou are social animals and often form large herds, especially during migration and winter.

Caribou typically give birth to a single calf, although twins can occur. The timing of calving varies by population but often occurs in late spring or early summer. Calves are born with a spotted coat, which helps camouflage them from predators. Mothers provide milk for their calves, which is crucial for their growth and survival.

Caribou have a robust body with long, slender legs and large, concave hooves that are adapted for traversing snow and tundra. Both males and females of some subspecies have antlers, with males typically having larger and more elaborate antlers. The antlers are shed and regrown each year.

Caribou have been an integral part of the subsistence and cultural traditions of indigenous peoples in northern regions for thousands of years. They have been hunted for their meat, hides, and antlers for a variety of uses, including clothing, tools, and food.

The conservation status of Caribou varies by population and region. Some populations are stable, while others have faced declines due to habitat loss, climate change, and hunting pressures. Efforts are made to manage Caribou populations sustainably and protect their habitats. Conservation strategies may include the establishment of protected areas and the implementation of hunting regulations. Monitoring and research are ongoing to better understand and conserve these iconic northern ungulates.