Nymphicus hollandicus

Cockatiels are social and nomadic birds that are usually seen in pairs or small flocks, although larger groups may gather around food and water. They feed mainly on grass seeds and often move between areas in response to rainfall and new seed growth.

Breeding is strongly influenced by rainfall and food availability, and cockatiels may reproduce whenever conditions are favorable. They nest in tree hollows, where females usually lay several eggs and both parents take part in incubation and feeding the chicks.

Wild cockatiels have predominantly gray bodies, prominent white wing patches, long pointed tails, and upright crests. Adult males typically have brighter yellow faces and vivid orange cheek patches, while females and juveniles generally show duller facial coloration.

The cockatiel was scientifically described by Robert Kerr in 1792 under the original name Psittacus hollandicus and was later placed in the genus Nymphicus. Modern taxonomy classifies it within the cockatoo family, Cacatuidae, despite its smaller size and parakeet-like appearance.

The cockatiel is classified as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List and remains widespread across much of mainland Australia. Its wild population is not currently considered globally threatened, although local numbers can fluctuate considerably with drought, rainfall, and food availability.