Hippopotamus amphibius

Hippos are typically social animals, living in groups called pods. Despite their hefty appearance, they are surprisingly agile in water, capable of running underwater at considerable speeds. They are territorial and can be aggressive, especially during mating season or when defending their young.

Female hippos give birth usually to a single calf after a gestation period of about 8 months. Calves are born underwater and must swim to the surface for their first breath. They are nursed underwater by their mothers and remain close to them for several months.

Hippos are the third-largest land mammals, after elephants and rhinoceroses, weighing between 1.5 to 3.5 tons (1,500 to 3,500 kg). They have thick, hairless skin that secretes a red, oily substance, giving them a unique appearance. Their tusks and teeth are used for fighting and territorial displays.

Hippos have a long history dating back millions of years, and their closest living relatives are cetaceans (whales, dolphins). They were once widespread across Africa but have faced significant habitat loss and hunting pressure, leading to population declines in many regions.

Hippopotamuses are currently classified as vulnerable due to habitat loss, illegal hunting for their meat and ivory teeth, and conflicts with humans. Conservation efforts focus on protecting their habitats and managing human-wildlife interactions to ensure their survival in the wild.