Gallus gallus domesticus

Hens are social birds known for their gentle demeanor and flocking behavior. They spend their days foraging for food, dust bathing, and roosting in safe areas at night. Hens also exhibit maternal instincts, caring for their chicks and teaching them survival skills.

Hens lay eggs, which can be fertilized by a rooster to produce offspring. They typically lay eggs in nesting boxes or secluded areas and show broodiness, incubating eggs to hatch chicks. Breeding programs aim to select hens with desirable traits such as egg production, temperament, and health.

Hens vary in size, plumage color, and comb shape depending on the breed. They have a distinctive wattle beneath their beak and may possess spurs on their legs. Hens are valued for their egg-laying abilities and gentle nature.

Domestication of hens dates back thousands of years, with various breeds developed for egg production, meat, and ornamental purposes. They played crucial roles in ancient civilizations and continue to be important livestock animals worldwide.

Hens are integral to agriculture, providing a sustainable source of eggs and meat for human consumption. They are kept in backyard flocks, small farms, and commercial operations globally. Conservation efforts focus on preserving rare and heritage breeds to maintain genetic diversity within poultry populations.