Canis lupus familiaris

Golden Retrievers are famous for their friendly, gentle, and patient demeanor, making them excellent family pets. They are highly trainable due to their intelligence and eagerness to please. This breed is known for its versatility, excelling in various roles such as guide dogs for the blind, search-and-rescue missions, and in fieldwork. Golden Retrievers are social animals that thrive on interaction with humans and other dogs and require regular physical and mental exercise to maintain their well-being.

Responsible breeding of Golden Retrievers focuses on maintaining the health, temperament, and physical characteristics that the breed is known for. Breeders often conduct health screenings for common conditions in the breed, including hip dysplasia, elbow dysplasia, heart issues, and certain genetic disorders, such as progressive retinal atrophy. The breed standard describes their coat as dense and water-repellent, with a rich golden color that varies in shade.
Characteristics

Golden Retrievers are medium to large-sized dogs with a well-proportioned build. They have a broad head, friendly eyes, and a straight muzzle, with a characteristic scissor bite. Their coat is one of their defining features, being dense, water-repellent, and of a rich, lustrous golden color that can range from light to dark gold. They are known for their intelligence, reliability, and friendly nature.

The Golden Retriever breed was developed in Scotland, at the estate of Lord Tweedmouth, during the late 19th century. The breed was created to retrieve game in the rugged Scottish landscape, with a soft mouth to carry game birds without damaging them. The breed's ancestors include the now-extinct Yellow Retriever, the Tweed Water Spaniel, and other spaniels and setters.

Today, Golden Retrievers are among the most popular breeds in the United States and worldwide, valued for their companionship, working abilities, and friendly disposition. They are widely recognized by all major kennel clubs and are prevalent in dog shows, working roles, and as family pets. Despite their popularity, prospective owners need to be aware of the breed's exercise needs and potential health issues, including cancer, which has a high incidence in the breed. Responsible ownership and breeding practices are crucial for maintaining the health and happiness of Golden Retrievers.