Panthera pardus

Leopards are solitary animals and usually operate alone, except during the breeding season. They are nocturnal predators that primarily hunt at night, though they may also be active at dawn and dusk. Leopards are excellent climbers and often take their captured prey up into trees to avoid other predators. They have a wide range of diets, including everything from small insects to large mammals.

Leopards typically reach sexual maturity between 2 and 3 years of age. They do not have a specific breeding season and can reproduce throughout the year. The gestation period is usually between 90 and 105 days, and a litter typically consists of one to three cubs. The cubs are highly dependent on their mother for the first few months and will leave to start their independent life at about 18 months of age.

The leopard’s physique allows it to be an exceptional stalker and hunter. Its body is supple and capable of approaching prey with minimal noise. Strong limbs and sharp claws enable it to climb trees with ease. They have excellent vision and hearing, which are advantageous for hunting.

Historically, leopards were widely distributed across Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and parts of Russia. Due to their adaptability, they have been able to survive in various environments ranging from tropical rainforests to deserts.

According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), leopards are currently listed as a Vulnerable species. Their numbers are declining due to habitat loss, hunting, and human expansion. Conservation efforts are underway to protect their habitats and reduce human-leopard conflicts.